A Beginner Guide to Lens Filters

Pho­to­graph­ic lens fil­ters play an essen­tial role in enhanc­ing your images and pro­tect­ing your lens from abra­sions. This guide intro­duces the basics and explores the three most com­mon types: polar­iz­ers, neu­tral den­si­ty fil­ters, and UV/protection fil­ters. Learn which fil­ters can make a sig­nif­i­cant dif­fer­ence in your pho­tog­ra­phy and which ones might not jus­ti­fy the cost. …

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Common Image Artifacts in Photography and How to Fix Them

Image arti­facts are one of those things that every pho­tog­ra­ph­er deals with at some point, whether you’re a begin­ner just get­ting the hang of your cam­era or some­one with a bit more expe­ri­ence. These issues can crop up for all sorts of rea­sons: some­times it’s user error, some­times it’s just the way your spe­cif­ic lens …

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Grid Flare in Digital Cameras

Have you ever noticed a faint pat­tern of colour­ful cir­cles or dots—most promi­nent­ly red, but also green and blue—when tak­ing a pho­to with a bright light source in the frame? That’s grid flare, although it’s also called flare grid pat­tern and red dot flare. It’s a unique quirk of dig­i­tal cam­era sen­sors that can be dis­tract­ing …

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What is Bokeh in Photography?

Intro­duc­tion: What is (and Isn’t) Bokeh? If you’ve spent any time around pho­tog­ra­phy forums, work­shops, or social media, you’ve prob­a­bly heard some­one say, “This lens has so much bokeh,” or “Why can’t I get enough bokeh in my shots?” As some­one who teach­es photography—and some­one who enjoys nuance—I can’t help but cringe a lit­tle. The …

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High key photo of young man on couch looking at a pentax SLR camera.

Practising Photography is Essential for Beginners

“If you’re not prac­tic­ing, you’re not learn­ing” Learn­ing pho­tog­ra­phy is reward­ing, but it’s also a skill that requires effort to retain, main­tain, and improve. If you’re not prac­tis­ing, you’re not learn­ing. I’ve been teach­ing group pho­tog­ra­phy cours­es in Toron­to since ear­ly 2018, and one thing is clear: prac­tice is essen­tial. It solid­i­fies the the­o­ries you …

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Why Your Photos Are Always Overexposed or Underexposed and How to Fix It

Begin­ner pho­tog­ra­phers often strug­gle with pho­tos being either over­ex­posed or under­ex­posed. This is nor­mal and hap­pens occa­sion­al­ly when using your camera’s full auto­mat­ic mode. How­ev­er, under nor­mal con­di­tions and scenes, per­sis­tent or recur­ring over- or under­ex­po­sure should not occur con­sis­tent­ly. If you find this behav­iour hap­pens fre­quent­ly, fol­low these steps to trou­bleshoot the root cause. …

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What is the Stop in Photography?

This arti­cle will teach you about one of the most fun­da­men­tal con­cepts in pho­tog­ra­phy — the pho­to­graph­ic stop. The stop is ubiq­ui­tous — it’s every­where — and under­stand­ing it will make you an effi­cient pho­tog­ra­ph­er. How­ev­er, to learn why the stop is so vital, we need to estab­lish a foun­da­tion of knowl­edge about the basics …

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How to Photograph the Moon at Night

The fol­low­ing arti­cle is a tran­script of the video above.  Hi there, my name is Paul, and this is Expo­sure Ther­a­py. In this video, I’ll explain why your pho­tos of the moon are often over­ex­posed and how you can fix them.  It’s sun­ny on the Moon I teach group pho­tog­ra­phy work­shops, and occa­sion­al­ly, stu­dents will …

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How to Check a Used Lens You’re Buying in Person

In this post, I’ll walk you through what to look for when inspect­ing a used lens in per­son. Once you’re done, check out my guide on what to inspect when buy­ing a used cam­era in per­son. New pho­tog­ra­phers who are pas­sion­ate about their hob­by quick­ly devel­op an enthu­si­asm for lens­es and the cre­ative pos­si­bil­i­ties they …

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Relation of F‑numbers to the Aperture

F‑numbers and the aper­ture have an inverse rela­tion­ship Hi there, my name is Paul, and this is Expo­sure Ther­a­py. In this video, I’ll explain the rea­son for the inverse numer­i­cal rela­tion­ship between f‑numbers and the aper­ture. This rela­tion­ship is a wide­spread point of con­fu­sion for many begin­ner pho­tog­ra­phers, who regard it as irra­tional or need­less­ly …

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